django/utils/dateparse.py

"""Functions to parse datetime objects."""

# We're using regular expressions rather than time.strptime because:
# - They provide both validation and parsing.
# - They're more flexible for datetimes.
# - The date/datetime/time constructors produce friendlier error messages.

import datetime
import re

from django.utils import six
from django.utils.timezone import get_fixed_timezone, utc

date_re = re.compile(
    r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d{1,2})-(?P<day>\d{1,2})$'
)

time_re = re.compile(
    r'(?P<hour>\d{1,2}):(?P<minute>\d{1,2})'
    r'(?::(?P<second>\d{1,2})(?:\.(?P<microsecond>\d{1,6})\d{0,6})?)?'
)

datetime_re = re.compile(
    r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d{1,2})-(?P<day>\d{1,2})'
    r'[T ](?P<hour>\d{1,2}):(?P<minute>\d{1,2})'
    r'(?::(?P<second>\d{1,2})(?:\.(?P<microsecond>\d{1,6})\d{0,6})?)?'
    r'(?P<tzinfo>Z|[+-]\d{2}(?::?\d{2})?)?$'
)

standard_duration_re = re.compile(
    r'^'
    r'(?:(?P<days>-?\d+) (days?, )?)?'
    r'((?:(?P<hours>\d+):)(?=\d+:\d+))?'
    r'(?:(?P<minutes>\d+):)?'
    r'(?P<seconds>\d+)'
    r'(?:\.(?P<microseconds>\d{1,6})\d{0,6})?'
    r'$'
)

# Support the sections of ISO 8601 date representation that are accepted by
# timedelta
iso8601_duration_re = re.compile(
    r'^P'
    r'(?:(?P<days>\d+(.\d+)?)D)?'
    r'(?:T'
    r'(?:(?P<hours>\d+(.\d+)?)H)?'
    r'(?:(?P<minutes>\d+(.\d+)?)M)?'
    r'(?:(?P<seconds>\d+(.\d+)?)S)?'
    r')?'
    r'$'
)


def parse_date(value):
    """Parses a string and return a datetime.date.

    Raises ValueError if the input is well formatted but not a valid date.
    Returns None if the input isn't well formatted.
    """
    match = date_re.match(value)
    if match:
        kw = {k: int(v) for k, v in six.iteritems(match.groupdict())}
        return datetime.date(**kw)


def parse_time(value):
    """Parses a string and return a datetime.time.

    This function doesn't support time zone offsets.

    Raises ValueError if the input is well formatted but not a valid time.
    Returns None if the input isn't well formatted, in particular if it
    contains an offset.
    """
    match = time_re.match(value)
    if match:
        kw = match.groupdict()
        if kw['microsecond']:
            kw['microsecond'] = kw['microsecond'].ljust(6, '0')
        kw = {k: int(v) for k, v in six.iteritems(kw) if v is not None}
        return datetime.time(**kw)


def parse_datetime(value):
    """Parses a string and return a datetime.datetime.

    This function supports time zone offsets. When the input contains one,
    the output uses a timezone with a fixed offset from UTC.

    Raises ValueError if the input is well formatted but not a valid datetime.
    Returns None if the input isn't well formatted.
    """
    match = datetime_re.match(value)
    if match:
        kw = match.groupdict()
        if kw['microsecond']:
            kw['microsecond'] = kw['microsecond'].ljust(6, '0')
        tzinfo = kw.pop('tzinfo')
        if tzinfo == 'Z':
            tzinfo = utc
        elif tzinfo is not None:
            offset_mins = int(tzinfo[-2:]) if len(tzinfo) > 3 else 0
            offset = 60 * int(tzinfo[1:3]) + offset_mins
            if tzinfo[0] == '-':
                offset = -offset
            tzinfo = get_fixed_timezone(offset)
        kw = {k: int(v) for k, v in six.iteritems(kw) if v is not None}
        kw['tzinfo'] = tzinfo
        return datetime.datetime(**kw)


def parse_duration(value):
    """Parses a duration string and returns a datetime.timedelta.

    The preferred format for durations in Django is '%d %H:%M:%S.%f'.

    Also supports ISO 8601 representation.
    """
    match = standard_duration_re.match(value)
    if not match:
        match = iso8601_duration_re.match(value)
    if match:
        kw = match.groupdict()
        if kw.get('microseconds'):
            kw['microseconds'] = kw['microseconds'].ljust(6, '0')
        kw = {k: float(v) for k, v in six.iteritems(kw) if v is not None}
        return datetime.timedelta(**kw)